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224 surmandal

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India(north)
body: wood; L.64.0cm
strings: 36, 12 of copper and 24 of steel
tuning hammer: 1
tuning varies accoding to mode

Also called svaramandala. An Indian zither used exclusively for providing a drone. The name originally means "a ring (circumference) of pitch/souod. Held with one hand on the lap of the player, and strummed with the other hand. Used to accompany classical vocal music.


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Music Department, Tokyo National University of the Arts, 12-8 Ueno Kouen, Taito-ku, Tokyo 110-8714, Japan